Plant-Based Calcium Sources: A Guide for Vegans

Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a fundamental role in the body's physiological processes. While it is most commonly associated with strong bones and teeth, calcium is also critical for the proper functioning of muscles and the nervous system. It acts as a key signalling molecule that enables muscle contractions, nerve communication, and other vital cellular functions. Without sufficient calcium, the body may experience issues such as muscle weakness, cramps, or impaired nerve signalling.
The importance of calcium extends beyond muscle movement and nerve transmission—it also plays a role in maintaining heart function, blood clotting, and hormone secretion. Given its widespread impact, ensuring an adequate intake of calcium through a balanced diet or supplements is crucial for overall health. This article explores how calcium contributes to muscle function and nerve health, highlighting its key mechanisms and dietary sources.
About Calcium
The most abundant mineral in the body, calcium is found in some foods, added to others, present in some medicines (like antacids), and available as a dietary supplement. Soft tissue is tissue that maintains its form and strength as well as giving normal movement to the body. Calcium, a small ionised pool in the circulatory system, extracellular fluid, and certain tissues, is essential in mediating blood vessel contraction and dilation, muscle function, blood clotting, nerve transmission, and hormonal secretion. Ninety-eight percent (98%) of all calcium in the body resides in the bones, with the bones serving as a reservoir for and source of calcium for the maintenance of calcium homeostasis. More than 99 per cent of the calcium in the body exists as an inorganic matrix of calcium and phosphate known as calcium hydroxyapatite, which is stored in the bones and teeth. In contrast to teeth, bone is in a constant state of remodelling, with calcium being resorbed and deposited in new bone. Bone remodelling is important for growth, bone size change, repairing any damage, maintaining serum calcium levels, and mining stores of other minerals.
There are approximately 26 to 30 g of calcium in the body at birth. This mass increases rapidly after birth, averaging around 1,200 g of adipose tissue in women and 1,400 g in men by adulthood. In men, these levels persist, but in women, they will start to decline due to increased bone remodelling as oestrogen production decreases at the onset of menopause.The absorption of calcium from food ranges from approximately 45% when the intake is 200 mg/day to only 15% when intakes exceed 2000 mg/day. Dietary calcium absorption may also be influenced by age. The net absorption of dietary calcium reaches up to 60% in infants and young children who require large amounts to form bone, decreasing to ~25% in adulthood, with continued decline as we age.
Benefits of using Calcium Tablets
You know when you hear that calcium is good for strong bones, but it is also required for your body to function optimally daily? Calcium plays the role of keeping your heart beating, your muscles moving, and sending signals to your nerves so that you feel at your best. Here’s why you need to make sure you get enough of it:
- Strengthen Bones & Teeth: Think of your bones as a savings account for calcium. The earlier you invest, the stronger they’ll remain as you get older.
- Keeps Muscles Moving: Do you ever get a muscle cramp randomly? Calcium aids your muscles in contracting and relaxing properly, so you can move without the fuss.
- Good for a Healthy Heart: Your heart is a muscle, as well! Calcium also plays a role in regulating your heartbeat and keeping your blood flowing normally.
- Nerve Function Sharpener: From wiggling your toes to remembering where you left your keys, calcium helps your brain and nerves talk to each other efficiently.
- Helps Worldwide in Clotting of Blood: A small cut? Calcium is important to allow your blood to clot and heal wounds faster.
- May Aid With Weight Management: Some studies demonstrate calcium assists your body with fat metabolism.
- Balances Hormones: Calcium plays a role in hormone production that helps to balance everything from digestion to stress.
- Reduces the Risk of Kidney Stones: It sounds ironic, but a proper intake of calcium prevents the kidneys from crystallizing oxalate, thus preventing kidney stones.
- Your body can’t make calcium itself, so be sure to get it from your diet (via dairy, leafy greens, and fortified products) or think about a supplement if needed. Your bones (and the rest of you) will love you for it!
Why do you need plant-based calcium sources?
Calcium is essential for strong bones, teeth, muscle function, and overall health. While dairy products are often considered the primary source of calcium, not everyone can or wants to consume them. People who follow a vegan lifestyle, have lactose intolerance or prefer plant-based diets need alternative sources to meet their calcium requirements. Plant-based calcium is not only effective but also comes with additional health benefits like fibre, antioxidants, and essential vitamins that support overall well-being.
Unlike dairy, many plant-based calcium sources—such as leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and fortified plant milks—are easier to digest and less likely to cause inflammation or digestive issues. Additionally, plant foods contain magnesium and vitamin K, which play crucial roles in calcium absorption and bone health. By incorporating a variety of plant-based calcium sources into your diet, you can ensure strong bones and optimal health while aligning with your dietary preferences and lifestyle choices.
Top Plant-Based Calcium Sources
Eating calcium-rich foods can give you a high chance of preventing calcium deficiency Sources of calcium include
Plant-Based Sources
- Leafy Greens (Kale, collard greens, bok choy, spinach*)
- Broccoli
- Okra
- Seaweed (Wakame, nori)
Legumes, Nuts & Seeds
- Almonds
- Sesame Seeds & Tahini
- Chia Seeds
- Tofu (Calcium-set)
- Soybeans & Edamame
Calcium-Fortified Foods
- Fortified Cereals
- Fortified Orange Juice
- Fortified Plant-Based Milk (Almond, soy, oat, rice)
- Fortified Bread and Flour
Note: Spinach contains oxalates, which can reduce calcium absorption, so pairing it with vitamin C-rich foods can help.
Maximizing Calcium Absorption
Calcium absorption is influenced by several factors, including the presence of other nutrients and certain dietary components. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium metabolism, as it helps the body absorb calcium more efficiently. Without adequate vitamin D—obtained from sunlight exposure, fortified foods, or supplements—calcium absorption can be significantly reduced. Additionally, magnesium works alongside calcium to support bone health, so maintaining a balanced intake of both is essential. Consuming calcium-rich foods with vitamin D sources, such as fortified plant-based milk or mushrooms, can enhance absorption and ensure your body utilizes the mineral effectively.
On the other hand, some compounds can hinder calcium absorption, such as oxalates and phytates found in certain plant foods. Spinach, for example, contains high levels of oxalates, which bind to calcium and reduce its availability for absorption. Similarly, phytates in whole grains and legumes can interfere with calcium uptake. However, soaking, sprouting, or fermenting these foods can help break down these compounds, improving calcium bioavailability. To optimize calcium intake, it’s best to consume a variety of plant-based sources and pair them strategically with absorption-enhancing nutrients like vitamin D and magnesium.
Do Vegans Need Calcium Supplements?
A well-planned vegan diet can provide sufficient calcium through plant-based sources like leafy greens, fortified plant milks, nuts, and seeds. However, some individuals may struggle to meet their daily calcium requirements due to dietary restrictions, limited food choices, or factors affecting absorption, such as low vitamin D levels. In such cases, calcium supplements can be a practical option to ensure optimal bone health and prevent deficiencies. Whether or not a vegan needs supplementation depends on their overall diet, lifestyle, and individual health needs, making it essential to assess calcium intake and consult a healthcare professional if necessary.
How to Select the Right Calcium Supplement
When selecting a calcium supplement, take into account dosage, rate of absorption and other nutrients, such as vitamin D and magnesium that can make calcium work more effectively. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, and magnesium and phosphorus are critical for bone health and in order to get a wide range of nutrients, however a more balanced vitamin D supplement is much better. It’s also important to know that calcium can interfere with the absorption and effectiveness of various medications, including some antibiotics, thyroid medication and blood pressure drugs. It is best to seek an expert opinion before falling for such tricks and to also consult your doctor to know whether a calcium supplement is right for you.
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How to use Calcium supplements
Suggested Use: Take 2 tablets per day, preferably after meals or as directed by your healthcare professional. Keep in a cold and dry place.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
Taking in too much calcium (more than 2,500 mg a day for adults) can result in hypercalcemia, which causes kidney issues, fatigue and nausea.
Undergrad-related gastrointestinal issues and urinary tract viruses.
High calcium consumption can lead to bloating, constipation, and kidney stones in some individuals. Your food and water intake should be balanced to avoid these problems.If you have lingering side effects, a medical condition or are on medications that might interact with calcium, speak with a health professional to see if supplementation is right for you.
Conclusion
Meeting calcium needs on a vegan diet is entirely possible with the right food choices. Leafy greens, legumes, nuts, seeds, and fortified foods provide excellent sources of calcium, while proper meal planning can enhance absorption. By incorporating a variety of these nutrient-dense foods, vegans can maintain strong bones and overall health without relying on dairy.
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